Install
Search the life sciences
Results tuned to biology
4Biology is a focused search engine built for biology students, researchers, educators, and lab managers. We combine multiple indexes, curated sources, and AI tools to surface publications, protocols, datasets, suppliers, and learning resources that matter to life scientists. Use the site to save time, find specialized resources, and get context-specific search results not optimized for general web traffic. Part of the 4SEARCH network of topic specific search engines.
Latest Articles
Collagen Switch Turns Fish Fins Into Limb-Like Structures
35+ min ago (83+ words) When the first fish lineage crawled onto land some 375 million years ago, its fins had to be remodeled into limbs capable of bearing weight. Evolutionary biologists have long focused on the genes that pattern the skeleton—Hox clusters, Sonic hedgehog,…...
New Rust Toolkit Supercharges Sex Determination Studies in Non-Model
1+ hour, 44+ min ago (628+ words) A new open-source software package promises to transform how biologists hunt for the genetic switches that separate males from females in species with no reference genome....
Which Animal Has the Longest Pregnancy? The Answer May Surprise You
8+ hour, 50+ min ago (325+ words) Pregnancy can last just a few weeks in some animals, while others carry their young for many months. But there is one animal whose pregnancy is so long that it can stretch to almost two years. So, which animal has…...
Duplicated Energy Genes Reveal How Fish Mitochondria Evolved After Genome
5+ hour, 54+ min ago (620+ words) Every heartbeat, every twitch of a fin, and every dividing cell in a fish embryo depends on a molecular machine so ancient that its origins trace back billions of years. Oxidative phosphorylation, or OXPHOS, is the process by which cells…...
DNA Hints at Hidden Diversity in a Declining South Asian Frog
6+ hour, 57+ min ago (681+ words) Across the flooded fields and scrubby foothills of South Asia lives a frog that most people, including many biologists, would struggle to tell apart from its close relatives. The burrowing frog Sphaerotheca maskeyi, a medium-sized member of the family Dicroglossidae,…...
Mussel Brains Reveal How Nervous Systems Survive Oxygen Starvation and
7+ hour, 19+ min ago (671+ words) When the tide recedes from a rocky Mediterranean shore, the mussels clinging to the stones simply close their shells and wait. Inside those shells, oxygen levels plummet, carbon dioxide accumulates, and the entire body shifts into a biochemical holding pattern…...
New subterranean amphibian species discovered in Maharashtra's Western Ghats
17+ hour ago (48+ words) ...
Adult females of a millipede newly described from the Kazakh Altai have almost no second pair of legs, the subadult females still have them, and in both of the only two adult females collected the flattened leg bases block the genital opening
1+ day, 1+ hour ago (705+ words) The reduction appears to be unique in the millipede order Polydesmida, and in both known adult females the flattened leg bases sit over the vulva like a lid. More than forty adult males came out of the same litter sample, and…...
Bird Guts Are a Dead End for Stick Insect Eggs, Digestion Experiments
22+ hour, 15+ min ago (793+ words) Stick and leaf insects are among the most accomplished masters of disguise in the animal kingdom, but their most remarkable imitation may be the one nobody watches happen. The eggs of many phasmid species look uncannily like plant seeds, complete…...
A genomic catalog of Earth’s bacterial and archaeal symbionts
1+ day, 12+ min ago (918+ words) The assembly of a genomic catalog devoted specifically to bacterial and archaeal symbionts represents a meaningful shift in how large-scale microbiome resources are organized....